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Application of drip irrigation technology on cotton

    

     Global climate change, population growth, and the expansion of economic sectors, with their increasing water demand each year, lead to the growing scarcity of water resources. As a result, by 2030, Uzbekistan may become one of the 33 countries with the most severe water shortage. The issue of water scarcity, particularly in cotton irrigation, will become even more pressing in 2024, making the adoption of water-saving technologies and improving water-use efficiency urgent. In such a context, to achieve high-quality cotton yields, it is essential to follow scientifically based recommendations and use water-saving equipment.

Below is a detailed description of drip irrigation technology:

Filtration device – a device designed to clean the water used for irrigation from large and small particles, according to the requirements of water-saving technologies.

Main (trunk) pipeline – a pipeline designed to transport the required amount of water from the pump system to the distribution pipes. These pipes can be installed either underground or above ground.

Distribution pipeline – a pipeline that delivers water from the main pipeline to drip irrigation hoses or distributes water between plant rows. These pipes can also be underground or above ground.

Drip irrigation hoses – hoses laid between plant rows that are designed to deliver a specific amount of water to the plant's root system. The hoses are placed 60 cm apart in soils with medium to heavy mechanical composition, and in light soils, each hose is placed in a row.

     When traditional irrigation methods are used, if the field soil is excessively dry before irrigation, its moisture content may exceed the required level after irrigation. In such conditions, plants suffer first from a lack of moisture, and later from excess moisture, causing stress. This results in the plant spending its energy to cope with stress. In contrast, drip irrigation creates a constant and uniform moisture level in the root zone, eliminating the causes of stress. The plants can access water and nutrients when needed. With drip irrigation, water is supplied not to the entire field but only to the part where the plants are grown — to the root zone.

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